Cantareira State Park and Alberto Löfgren State Park
SÃO PAULO
Knowing to preserve in São Paulo
The Cantareira and Alberto Löfgren State Parks (PE) are located in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo (RMSP), involving the municipalities of São Paulo, Mairiporã, Guarulhos and Caieiras, expressive as urban equipment in the surroundings and of great environmental and historical cultural relevance . The conservation units are part of the Biosphere Reserve of the Green Belt of the City of São Paulo and are listed as a cultural heritage by the Council for the Defense of Historical, Archaeological, Artistic and Tourist Heritage (CONDEPHAAT), with a history that dates to the beginning of environmental conservation of the State and the public supply of the RMSP.
The strategic location of the parks provides the potential to generate economic and social benefits, in addition to making them inducers for the sustainable development of tourism and economic strengthening of the region where they are located.
The project involves the execution of technical operational and economic financial modeling to analyze the feasibility of concession of the areas for public use of the parks, raising the current and necessary conditions for the elaboration of planning tools that maximize the use of the tourist potential of the units of conservation, providing opportunities for a variety of recreational and business activities associated with public use and tourism in protected areas.
A RMSP apresenta a maior concentração populacional The RMSP has the largest population concentration in the country, with more than 21.5 million people (EMPLASA, 2018). Despite the intense urban pressure that the parks under study face, they are in a privileged region in terms of economics, infrastructure and access.
The Cantareira State Park (PE) is organized into four groups: Cabuçu, Engordador, Águas Claras and Pedra Grande. The EP Alberto Löfgren is also divided into four public use centers: Horto Alberto Löfgren, Polo Ecocultural, Arboreto de Vila Amália e Olaria.
The work is carried out in several stages, from a macro analysis of the territory involving socioeconomic studies of the study area and the relationship of the parks in the urban context, to an extensive diagnosis of each identified nucleus, involving study of public use and visits, management plans and legislation, main attractions and existing and potential activities, available infrastructure and analysis of historical, cultural, tourist and archaeological heritage.
The study of each nucleus allows to observe its different profiles and characteristics, supporting a vision of the future for the parks that structured the development of technical projects and economic and legal studies.
The three groupings organized based on each profile of the nuclei represent a change in the planning of visitation of the parks and their infrastructures, the main one being the creation of a large complex involving the Pedra Grande, Águas Claras and Horto Florestal nuclei. The other two groups reinforce what is to be strengthened as a public use profile for each nucleus.
In the Urban-Tourist group, five potential sectors for visiting the complex were identified: Horto Florestal, Environmental Education, Pedra Grande, Núcleo Aventura and Immersive Access. The Pedra Grande viewpoint is one of the main attractions of PE da Cantareira and with the greatest potential of the complex. Improvements are proposed in its accessibility and diversification of activities and infrastructures offered to visitors.
Propõe-se a implantação de diferentes modais de transporte para a mobilidade interna no complexo HoIt is proposed to implement different modes of transport for internal mobility in the Horto-Pedra Grande-Águas Claras complex. In addition to the option of walking the trails, a system of internal vehicles, use of bicycles and a cable car are developed.
The Historical-Environmental Group includes the nuclei that present the main historical vestiges of the Cantareira System of supply, in addition to the oldest Arboretum in São Paulo. The Núcleo Engordador has as a differential which is the historical remnants of the system, such as the Casa da Bomba and the Engordador Dam, in addition to the dam and some waterfalls.
It is proposed to enhance its historical character and the abundance of waters present there, with the structuring of a new visitation circuit and the implementation of reforms and new support infrastructures, in addition to the restoration of the historic building.
The Sociocultural Group includes the Polo Ecocultural and Pottery Centers, important social facilities, which receive interventions in support of social actions, valuing existing activities and uses, new support services such as food and commerce, among others.
Engineering and architecture guidelines and solutions have been defined to guide future interventions in the parks. As it stands out in both parks, water is a central element of the intervention party, through strategies that start from the presence of water in landscaping and buildings until the application of strategies and solutions inspired by its cycle, through biomimetics.
In addition, the concept encompasses the proposition of a bioclimatic, modular and sustainable architecture.
